Ni ubuhe buryo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe bukoreshwa mu nganda zikora imiti?
Igisubizo: Guhindura ubushyuhe bukoreshwa mu nganda z’imiti ni ibikoresho byihariye byo guhanahana ubushyuhe bigenewe guhangana n’imikorere mibi y’umusaruro w’imiti (nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru, umuvuduko mwinshi, ruswa ikomeye, hamwe no kuvanga itangazamakuru -). Igikorwa cyabo nyamukuru ni uguhana ubushyuhe binyuze muburyo nko guhuza bitaziguye, kuvanga, cyangwa kuvugurura ibintu.Bishobora gutuma habaho ihererekanyabubasha hagati y’amazi abiri cyangwa menshi ku bushyuhe butandukanye, bityo bikuzuza ibisabwa kugira ngo ubushyuhe bugabanuke mu gushyushya, gukonjesha, no kongera ubushyuhe bw’imyanda mu buryo bwa shimi. bo, guhindagura ubushyuhe hamwe nigituba cyahindutse kimwe mubikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mu guhanahana ubushyuhe mu nganda z’imiti kubera imiterere ikomeye kandi ihuza n'imiterere.
Nibihe bintu nyamukuru biranga ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu nganda zikora imiti?
Igisubizo: Ibiranga guhanahana ubushyuhe bikoreshwa mu nganda zikora imiti byakozwe ahanini muburyo bugoye nubukomezi bwimikorere yimiti, kandi ibyingenzi bikubiyemo ibi bikurikira:
1. Hejuru - imikorere yimikorere yubushyuhe: Mugutezimbere igishushanyo mbonera, uburyo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe burashobora kongerwa. Kurugero, muguhinduranya ubushyuhe nigikonoshwa, baffles zikoreshwa mukuyobora amazi kugirango habeho imivurungano, ishobora kongera ubukana bwumuvuduko wa 40% naho coeffisiyoneri yohereza ubushyuhe muri 20% - 30% .Gukoresha ibikoresho bidasanzwe byumuyoboro nkumuyoboro wizunguruka hamwe nu miyoboro isukuye birashobora kurushaho kunoza ubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe burenze 30% -50%, hamwe nubushakashatsi bwo kugarura ubushyuhe burenze 95%.
2. Kurugero, ubwoko bwumutwe bureremba nubwoko bwa U-tube burashobora gukemura ibibazo byo kwagura ubushyuhe munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bikirinda guhindura ibikoresho no kumeneka.
Nibihe bikorwa byingenzi byibikorwa byo guhanahana ubushyuhe bikoreshwa mu nganda zikora imiti?
Ibikorwa byayo bizenguruka kugenzura ubushyuhe no gukoresha ingufu neza mubikorwa byose byimiti, kandi intangiriro yacyo irimo;
1. Kugenzura neza ubushyuhe bwibikorwa
Ukurikije ibintu biranga exothermic cyangwa endothermic biranga imiti yimiti, ubushyuhe burakurwaho cyangwa bwuzuzwa mugihe nyacyo kugirango habeho iterambere rihamye ryimikorere.Urugero, mubitekerezo bidasanzwe nka styrene - butadiene rubber polymerisation, ubushyuhe burashobora kugenzurwa kuri dogere 50-60; mubikorwa bya antibiotique, kugenzura neza ubushyuhe bwa dogere 0,5 birashobora kugerwaho kugirango ibicuruzwa bibe byiza kandi bihamye.
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2. Gutesha agaciro ubushyuhe no kubungabunga ingufu
Ubushyuhe bw’imyanda iva hejuru - itangazamakuru ryubushyuhe (nka gaze ya pyrolysis hamwe n’amazi maremare - y’amazi y’ubushyuhe) mu musaruro w’imiti irashobora kugarurwa no gukoreshwa mu gushyushya ibikoresho fatizo, kubyara amavuta, cyangwa gutwara amashanyarazi, kugabanya cyane ingufu zikoreshwa. mu kongera ubushyuhe bw’imyanda iva mu itanura ry’amakara, ingufu za sisitemu zirashobora kunozwa na 25%.
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3. Kuringaniza hagati no guhumeka
Ifasha kwangiza no gutandukanya imyuka itunganijwe cyangwa guhumeka ibitangazamakuru byamazi kugirango bikemure ibikenerwa byo gutandukanya imiti no kubyitwaramo.Urugero, mugikorwa cyo kumena Ethylene, gaze yamenetse kuri dogere 850 ikonjeshwa kuri dogere 400; mugusubirana kwinshi, imyuka ya Ethanol ikonjeshwa mumazi, mugihe ikigereranyo cyongeye gukoreshwa.
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4. Ubufatanye bwibidukikije no gutunganya umutungo
Mu gutunganya amazi y’imyanda n’ubundi buryo, ubushyuhe bw’imyanda iva mu mazi y’amazi burashobora kugarurwa, mu gihe kandi bufasha mu gutunganya imyanda ihumanya cyangwa umutungo.Urugero, mu gutunganya amashanyarazi y’amazi, arashobora kugarura ubushyuhe bw’imyanda y’amazi 80 kandi akayakonjesha kugeza kuri dogere 40, mu gihe amenya ko umutungo w’ubutare uremereye; mu gutunganya amazi mabi - yibanze cyane, bifasha kurangiza inzira yo guhumeka no kwibanda
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Nibihe bintu nyamukuru bikoreshwa hamwe na ssenariyo zikoreshwa noguhindura ubushyuhe bukoreshwa munganda zikora imiti?
Igisubizo: Igipimo cyacyo gikubiyemo urwego rwose rwinganda zikora imiti kandi rugera no mubikorwa byinganda. Ibyingenzi bikubiyemo:
1.Inganda zikora inganda:Ikubiyemo ibintu byingenzi nkibikomoka kuri peteroli ya peteroli hamwe na vacuum distillation, hydrocracking, etylene yamenetse, hamwe no gukora ammonia synthique na methanol.Urugero, irashobora gukoreshwa mugukonjesha gaze yamenetse mumatanura ya etilene, no gukonjesha gaze ya synthesis kumuvuduko mwinshi wa MPa 20 muri synthesis.
2. Imiti myiza n’imiti:Irakwiriye gukoreshwa nka synthesis nziza ya chimique, umusaruro wa antibiotique, hamwe na sisitemu yamazi yatunganijwe.Urugero, irashobora gukoreshwa mugusubirana ubushyuhe bwamazi mabi munganda zikoresha amashanyarazi n’inganda, ndetse no mu nganda zimiti, irashobora kuzuza ibisabwa bikomeye bya GMP kugirango isukure ryibisubizo bya farumasi kandi igere ku kugenzura neza ubushyuhe butarinze kugwa.
3. Inganda zikora amakara:Ikoreshwa cyane cyane hejuru ya - ubushyuhe bwa syngas imyanda igarura ubushyuhe muri gaze. Irashobora kugarura ubushyuhe bukabije - ubushyuhe bwa dogere 1500 kugirango butange ingufu - yumuvuduko mwinshi, gutwara ingufu za turbine, kuzamura ingufu za sisitemu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya.
4. Inganda zijyanye n’inganda:Ibi birimo ibintu nko guhumeka neza mu mashanyarazi y’amashyanyarazi no gukuramo imyanda mu nganda zikoresha ingufu za kirimbuzi mu nganda z’amashanyarazi, gukwirakwiza amata hamwe n’umutobe w’ibiribwa mu nganda z’ibiribwa, hamwe no kongera ubushyuhe bw’imyanda no gutunganya imyanda itandukanye y’inganda mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi kubyerekeye guhinduranya ubushyuhe cyangwa ushishikajwe no kugura, nyamuneka ohereza imeri kuri 9988xiaoshuai@gmail.com, tuzagusubiza mugihe tumaze kubona ubutumwa!
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